Romanian Heraldry - Coat of Arms

Romanian Heraldry: A Historical Journey

The concept behind the design of the coat of arms of Romania dates back to 1859 when the two Romanian principalities, Wallachiaand Moldavia, united under Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza. This pivotal moment in Romanian history marked the beginning of a shared identity and the need for a symbolic representation that would reflect the unity of the two regions.

Early Heraldic Symbols

1. Golden Aquila (Eagle):

   • The golden aquila, a majestic eagle, symbolized strength, nobility, and sovereignty. It was associated with the Byzantine heritage of the region.
   • In Wallachia, the eagle was often depicted with two heads, signifying the dual leadership of the two principalities.

2. Aurochs (Zimbru):

   • The aurochs, a wild ox, represented courage, resilience, and the untamed spirit of the Romanian people.
   • Moldavia used the aurochs as its heraldic emblem.

Unification and the Modern Coat of Arms

1. Alexandru Ioan Cuza’s Vision:

   • In 1862, after the election of Alexandru Ioan Cuza as the Domnitor (ruler) of both Wallachia and Moldavia, the heraldic symbols of the two countries were officially juxtaposed.
   • The golden aquila and the aurochs were combined to create the new coat of arms of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia.

2. Design Elements:

   • The coat of arms features a central shield divided into four quadrants:
     • The top-left quadrant displays the golden aquila.
     • The top-right quadrant depicts the aurochs.
     • The bottom-left quadrant shows the Wallachian eagle (single-headed).
     • The bottom-right quadrant features the Moldavian aurochs.
   • The shield is surrounded by oak and laurel branches, symbolizing strength, victory, and endurance.

3. Crown and Motto:

   • Above the shield rests a princely crown, representing the historical lineage of Romanian rulers.
   • The motto “Nihil Sine Deo” (Nothing Without God) emphasizes faith and divine guidance.

4. Evolution and Adaptations:

   • Over time, the coat of arms has undergone minor modifications, but its core elements remain consistent.
   • The modern Romanian coat of arms continues to evoke the spirit of unity, resilience, and national pride.

Contemporary Usage

1. National Symbols:

   • The coat of arms appears on the Romanian flag alongside the national colors of blue, yellow, and red.
   • It graces official documents, government buildings, and military insignia.

2. Committees and Approval:

   • The Romanian government exercises its right as the armiger, with advice from the National Committee of Heraldry, Genealogy, and Sigillography.
   • All coats of arms for Romanian institutions must be approved by this committee, ensuring historical accuracy and adherence to heraldic principles.

3. Military and Law Enforcement:

   • The Romanian military and law enforcement institutions have their own heraldic committees, which may share members with the National Committee.
   • These committees oversee the design and approval of specific coats of arms for their respective organizations.

In summary, Romanian heraldry beautifully weaves together historical symbols, regional pride, and the spirit of unity. The coat of arms stands as a testament to the resilience and shared heritage of the Romanian people, echoing the words of its motto: “Nihil Sine Deo.” 🛡️🇷🇴